丁举平 2016-12-15 09:26
<span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">毛泽东在他的诗词《送瘟神》中写到：</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">坐地日行八万里，巡天遥看一千河</span><span>……”</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">表达了他宽阔博大的胸怀。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';"></span> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">欧洲的航天发射基地建在远离欧洲大陆的南美洲靠近赤道的法属圭亚那；俄罗斯的航天基地建立在哈萨克斯坦在拜克努尔；继太原、酒泉、西昌三大卫星发射中心后，我国在海南省文昌市建设航天发射基地，发射场于</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';">2012</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">年建成，</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';">2013</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">年具备火箭首次飞行条件。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';">1</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">．</span><span>在地球什么地点能做到</span><span>“</span><span>坐地日行八万里</span><span>”</span><span>呢？为什么？其线速度约为多少？</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';">2</span><span>．在选择发射场时，为什么尽量选择低纬度地区？</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';">3</span><span>．</span><span>“</span><span>地球的自转方向从北极上空看是自西向东，从南极上空看是自东向西</span><span>”</span><span>的说法是否正确？</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';">4</span><span>．今晚</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman', 'serif';">20</span><span>时，某人观测到某恒星位于天顶，明晚该恒星仍位于天顶的时刻是多少？</span> </p>
丁举平 2016-12-15 09:25
<p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-size:14pt;">学习目标</span></b><b><span style="font-family:'IPAPANNEW','serif';font-size:14pt;">]</span></b><b><span style="font-size:14pt;"> </span></b><b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:14pt;"></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">1.</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">运用地球仪演示地球自转运动，掌握地球自转的方向、周期以及角速度、线速度的变化。</span><span>2. </span><span style="font-family:宋体;">自主学习，合作探究，</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">初步学会绘制简略的地球自转示意图，培养学生的空间想象能力和动手操作能力；</span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">3.</span><span>尝试从自然现象和日常生活中发现地理问题，培养探究地理问题的兴趣。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:黑体;">一、地球自转的概况<span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:黑体;">1</span><span style="font-family:黑体;">、概念和方向：地球围绕地轴自①</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">向②</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">旋转，称为地球的自转。地球自转方向从北极上空看呈③</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">时针旋转，从南极上空看呈④</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">时针旋转。<span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:黑体;">2</span><span style="font-family:黑体;">、周期：地球自转一周所用的时间就是地球自转的周期。由于选取参照物不同自转周期不同，自转的真正周期是一个⑤</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">日，它是某地经线连续两次通过同一恒星与地心连线的时间间隔，地球自转了⑥</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">，所用时间为<span>23</span>小时<span>56</span>分<span>4</span>秒；<span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:黑体;">⑦</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">日是某地经线连续两次与日地中心连续相交的时间间隔，地球自转了<span>360</span>°<span>59</span>′，所用时间为⑧</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">小时。<span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:黑体;">3</span><span style="font-family:黑体;">、速度：自转角速度除⑨</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">外，其他各地⑩</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">，都为</span><span style="font-family:'MS Gothic';">⑪</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">/</span><span style="font-family:黑体;">时；自转线速度则由于纬度的不同而有差异，从赤道向两极</span><span style="font-family:'MS Gothic';">⑫</span><u><span style="font-family:黑体;"><span> </span></span></u><span style="font-family:黑体;">。</span><span style="font-family:黑体;"></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-size:12pt;">【预习自测】</span></b><b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:12pt;"></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">1</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．有关地球自转的叙述，不正确的是（<span><span> </span></span>）<span></span></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:10.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">A</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．地球自转是指地球围绕地心的运动<span><span> </span>B</span>．地球自转围绕的中心是地轴<span></span></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:10.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">C</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．地球自转是地球运动的基本形式之一<span></span></span> </p> <p style="margin-left:10.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">D</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．地轴的空间位置基本上是稳定的，北端始终指向北极星附近<span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．地球自转的周期是<span><span> </span></span>（<span><span> </span></span>）<span></span></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:10.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;"><span> </span>A</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．<span>24</span>小时<span><span> </span>B</span>．一个恒星日<span><span> </span>C</span>．一个太阳日<span> D</span>．一个恒星年<span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">3</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．北京和广州两地的自转角速度和线速度相比较，正确的叙述是<span><span> </span></span>（<span><span> </span></span>）<span></span></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:5.25pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">A</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">两地的角速度和线速度都相同<span><span> </span>B</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">两地的角速度和线速度都不相同<span></span></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:5.25pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">C</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">角速度相同，线速度广州大于北京<span><span> </span>D</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">角速度不相同，线速度相同<span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;">4</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">下图中正确表示地球自转方向的是（<span><span> </span></span>）<span><span> </span></span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <br /> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span></span> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoNormal"> <span></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:10.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span>A</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．①③</span><span><span> </span>B</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．②③</span><span><span> </span>C</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．②④</span><span><span> </span>D</span><span style="font-family:宋体;">．①④</span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:12pt;"></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-family:黑体;font-size:12pt;">探究点一</span></b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"><span> </span></span><span>教材</span><b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:12pt;">P</span></b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">16</span><span>活动恒星日和太阳日</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:12pt;"></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-family:黑体;font-size:12pt;">探究点二</span></b><b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:12pt;"><span> </span></span></b><span>教材</span><b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:12pt;">P</span></b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">17</span><span>活动地球自转速度</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';font-size:12pt;"></span></b> </p> <p class="MsoPlainText"> <b><span style="font-family:黑体;font-size:12pt;">探究点三 </span></b><span style="font-family:黑体;">地球自转的基本规律</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span>【探究材料】</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">毛泽东在他的诗词《送瘟神》中写到：</span><span>“</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">坐地日行八万里，巡天遥看一千河</span><span>……”</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">表达了他宽阔博大的胸怀。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">欧洲的航天发射基地建在远离欧洲大陆的南美洲靠近赤道的法属圭亚那；俄罗斯的航天基地建立在哈萨克斯坦在拜克努尔；继太原、酒泉、西昌三大卫星发射中心后，我国在海南省文昌市建设航天发射基地，发射场于</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">2012</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">年建成，</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">2013</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">年具备火箭首次飞行条件。</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">1</span><span style="font-family:楷体_GB2312;">．</span><span>在地球什么地点能做到</span><span>“</span><span>坐地日行八万里</span><span>”</span><span>呢？为什么？其线速度约为多少？</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">2</span><span>．在选择发射场时，为什么尽量选择低纬度地区？</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">3</span><span>．</span><span>“</span><span>地球的自转方向从北极上空看是自西向东，从南极上空看是自东向西</span><span>”</span><span>的说法是否正确？</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">4</span><span>．今晚</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';">20</span><span>时，某人观测到某恒星位于天顶，明晚该恒星仍位于天顶的时刻是多少？</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:21pt;" class="MsoPlainText"> <span>【探究归纳】</span><span style="font-family:'Times New Roman','serif';"></span> </p>