<span>学生是学习的主体,又是自身发展的主体。要</span><span style="line-height:26px;font-family:宋体;font-size:12pt;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span>提高课堂效率</span></span><span style="line-height:26px;font-family:宋体;font-size:12pt;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span>,教师必须充分发挥学生的主体性和</span></span><span style="line-height:26px;font-family:宋体;font-size:12pt;background-color:#FFFFFF;"><span>积极性</span></span>
<p class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> <span>我认为</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>初中化学学习分化的成因</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>有如下</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;">4点:</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>1.家庭和社会环境的影响</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>。</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;">2.学生自身基础、习惯、心理的影响</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>。</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>3.化学学科特点的影响</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>,</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>如化合价的引入,化合价怎么来的,如何确定元素的化合价,学生就会产生困惑,进而影响化合物化学式的书写学习。</span> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>4.教师教学活动的影响</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>,</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>教师的教学水平和教学能力对学生的化学学习效果影响较大,有的教学讲究教学方法,讲课有艺术性,课堂充满了乐趣,这样的课堂学生欢迎,这样的化学课学生爱上,因而教学质量就会上去。如果教师总是</span>“一言堂”、“满堂灌”,学生极易产生倦怠,学习效率低下。 </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> 初中化学学习分化的解决对策</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>有如下</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;">5点:</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>1.激发学生学习化学的兴趣</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>。</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>2.帮助学生树立学好化学的信心</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>。</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>3.建立化学课堂和谐师生关系</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>。</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>4.改进教法,多做实验,采取多种措施化解难点,防止分化</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>。</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span>5.运用现代教学</span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>手</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>段,帮助学生克服认知障碍</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span>。</span></span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><br /> </span><span style="font-style:normal;font-family:宋体;background:#ffffff;color:#000000;font-size:10.5pt;font-weight:normal;"><span> </span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;font-size:10.5pt;"></span> </p>
<p style="margin-left:22.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;"> </p> <p style="margin-left:22.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">一、初中化学学习分化的成因<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <span style="background:white;"><span>1</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、家庭和社会环境的影响<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span> <span></span></span> </p> <p style="text-indent:0cm;margin-left:22.5pt;" class="MsoListParagraph"> <span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">2</span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、学生自身基础、习惯、心理的影响<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <span style="background:white;"><span>3</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、化学学科特点的影响<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <span style="background:white;"><span>4</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、教师教学活动的影响<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> </span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><span>二、初中化学学习分化的解决对策<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <span style="background:white;"><span>1</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、激发学生学习化学的兴趣<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <span style="background:white;"><span>2</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、帮助学生树立学好化学的信心<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <span style="background:white;"><span>3</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、建立化学课堂和谐师生关系<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span> </span></span></span></span> </p> <p style="margin-left:22.5pt;" class="MsoNormal"> <span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">4</span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、改进教法,多做实验,采取多种措施化解难点,防止分化<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <span style="background:white;"><span>5</span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;background:white;color:black;font-size:12pt;">、运用现代教学段,帮助学生克服认知障碍<span class="apple-converted-space"><span> </span></span></span></span><span style="font-family:宋体;color:black;font-size:12pt;"><br /> <br /> </span><span></span></span> </p>