刘杨 2023-04-18 15:41
<h2 style="margin: 20px 0px 8px; padding: 0px; font-size: 12px; font-weight: normal; font-family: 微软雅黑; white-space: normal; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);">校本实践活动</h2><p style="text-indent:117px"><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 29px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">如何将</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 29px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">思维图运用于语文</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 29px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">教学</span></span></p><p style="margin-left:60px;text-indent:40px"><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">思维图运用于语文课堂</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">给语文课增添了活力</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">激发了学生的兴趣</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">学生面对思维图有很强的学习欲望</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">而且这是一种学生乐于接受的图画与颜色的组合</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">学生喜欢学喜欢用</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">才会有学习的成果</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">思维图的识字教学法具有以下的优点</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">：</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">１．</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">优化知识表征</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">促进思维可视化使用大脑所有皮层技巧</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">利用了色彩</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">线条</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">关键词</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">图像等</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">因此可以大大加强回忆的可能性</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">通过动手绘制思维导图可以激发大脑的各个层次</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">使大脑处于警醒状态</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">在记忆的时候更加有技巧</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">整个思维导图就是一个大的图像</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">是整个信息资讯的整体架构</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">使大脑希望回到它们中间去</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">因而又一次激发自发回忆的可能性</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">利用直观形象的图示把零散的知识围绕一个主题组织起来</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">比以文本的形式线性地传递给学习者更加具体和形象</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">且更易于学习者接受</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">易于优化知识表征</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">促进思维的可视化</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">提高学习者的学习绩效</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">２．</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">易于发现事物内在的联系</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">引发学习者的</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">头脑风暴</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">它们的设计极为简单</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">而且结构清晰</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">层</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">次分明</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">便于对信息的组织和管理</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">因而可以帮助记忆</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">围绕一个主题把复杂零散的知识有序地组织起来</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">通过主题和各分主题之间的连接可以很容易地发现其内在的逻辑关系</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">从而引发学习者的</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">头脑风暴</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">加深学习者对知识的内在把握和有效学习</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">３．</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">实现知识导学和课程目录导航</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">在思维导图的制作中</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">往往是按照课堂知识的逻辑顺序来进行安排的</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">通过这一逻辑顺序易于组织学习者进行课前预习和课后复习工作</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">４．</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">改善学生的信息加工方式</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">提升学习者的思维发散能力在制作思维导图时</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">要求我们把关键性的内容记下来</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">因此可以促使我们在学习和倾听的阶段都保持着较高水平的回忆</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">关键词和图像的应用</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">促使人们使用个人所有的联想能力</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">思维导图本身的形状加强了大脑物理印迹和网络开发能力</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">因此就增加了回忆的可能性</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">因为使用了左脑和右脑的所有技巧</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">提供了一个</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">十拿九稳</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">的记忆方法</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">增大了个人的信心</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">动机和普遍的心理作用</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">通过直观的图示形式展现抽象复杂的理论学习知识</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">更加有利于学习者进行知识的内化和对知识的迁移学习</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">同时通过一个主题的发散</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">对课堂所要讲授的全篇文章有系统地把握</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">发散了学习者的思维</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"> <span style="font-family:宋体">如何运用</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">思维图的使用</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">大大减轻了老师的烦琐备课</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">使学生的学习变得更有趣</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">、</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">容易起来</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">每一件事物的存在都是有它合理之处所在</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">更何况是这么好的方法途径</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">思维图基于学习者已有学习经验的知识结构</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">利于学习者利用原有的知识结构对现学的知识进行意义建构</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">促进知识的迁移和同化</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">同时围绕思维导图的学习</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">更加有利于学习者和指导教师进行交流与协作</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">综上所述</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">识字教学决不能将识字成为学生的负担</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">应该利用不同的有效的方法对不同的字进行科学有趣的教学</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">以</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">“</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">趣</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">”</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">为前提</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">让学生开心识字</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><br/></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"> </span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">中国的识字教学取得了很大的成绩</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">识字教学的改革方兴未艾</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">，</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">正在深入发展</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">。</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">特别可喜的是，不少识字教学流派开始从自我封闭的状态下走向开放，在向别人学习的过程中认识到自身的不足与局限。就整个语文学习来说，一方面要看到识字非常重要，因为它是阅读和作文的基础，还因为汉字本身也是一种文化；另一方面要看到识字不是目的，而是一种手段，尽早突破识字关，才能更早、更顺利地进行阅读，以便能够自由地吸纳有用的信</span></span><span style="font-family: 宋体;letter-spacing: 0;font-size: 20px;background: rgb(238, 238, 238)"><span style="font-family:宋体">息。</span></span></p><p><br/></p>